Metal Arc Welding is a type of welding in which electrodes are used. In this welding process, two methods are used: First, we have the manual metal arc welding method (Metal Manual Arc or MMA), and on the other side, we have the shielded metal arc welding method (Shielded Metal Arc or SMA).
MMA welding uses steel electrodes that are coated with flux material, and no shielding gas is used, since the electrode, when subjected to the heat of welding, produces carbon dioxide, which acts as a shield that prevents the penetration of oxygen from the atmosphere, thus preventing oxidation and slag formation on the weld “bead”.
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